(about oil and other natural substances) in its natural state, before it has been treated with chemicals（指石油和其他自然物质）天然的，自然的◆the refining of crude oil原油的精炼⨁crude oil / petroleum / iron / metal / steel / sugar原油；未经加工的铁；未经提炼的金属；粗钢；粗糖 (cruder, crudest) simple and not very accurate but giving a general idea of sth粗略的；大概的◆We produced a crude estimate of our spending for the next four years.我们对今后四年的开支作了粗略的估计。⨁a crude calculation / estimate / measure (of sth)（对某事物的）粗略计算／估计／衡量